报告题目:  Subsurface Water Retention Technology (SWRT): A New IrrigationTechnologyforGreater Plant Production with Less Water

报告人：Prof. Alvin Smucker

报告时间：2013年5月23日下午4点

报告地点：水院楼304

联系人：杨培岭 教授

联系电话：62737866

报告内容简介：

High quality water, the world’s most finite critical natural resource, ensures economic, environmental, political and social sustainability. Excessive infiltration and redistribution of water within highly permeable soils are well known. To avoid past agroecological errors during the conversion of marginal sandy soils into sustainable food and cellulosic biomass production systems, subsurface water saving membranes can be coupled with prescription-based best water management practices that promote sustainable agricultural production. Soil scientists and engineers at Michigan State University developed and field-tested a new membrane installation device (MID) machine to install water saving membranes at multiple soil depths for research and in farmer’s fields. This new subsurface water retention technology (SWRT) retains and uniformly redistributes plant available water in the root zones of most agricultural and horticultural plants. SWRT water saving membranes retain more plant available water in the root zones reducing nutrient losses to groundwater supplies. Reduced leaching combined with greater plant water use efficiency results in net reductions in supplemental irrigation and fertilization as well as increasing soil carbon and structure.  Greater production with less water will be presented for maize, cucumber, green peppers. Preliminary data showing lower allocation of plant photosynthate carbon to smaller plant root systems will be presented as a new mechanism for increasing aboveground food and biomass production with less water.

作为世界上最为紧缺的资源，优质水资源对于经济、环境、政治和社会的可持续发展起着重要的作用。众所周知，在高渗透土壤中，水分具有过度入渗和再分布的特性。为了避免以往利用贫瘠沙土进行食物和生物质生产过程中的农业生态问题，应用地下节水膜配以先进的水分管理措施，可以实现对农业生产的促进作用。密西根州立大学的土壤科学家和工程师利用置膜机在不同土层中置放了节水膜进行田间试验和农业生产。结果显示，这一新型地下保水技术（SWRT）使水分在大多数农业和园艺植物根区得到了保蓄和再分布。同时，SWRT技术减少了养分向地下水的流失。随着下渗水量的减少和作物用水效率的提高，作物的补充灌溉水量得到了减少，与此同时，土壤的有机质和结构得到了提升。这一技术带来的“高产节水”的效果已经在玉米、黄瓜和青椒等作物上得到了验证。最初的数据显示，该项技术使得植物通过光合作用产生的有机物在根系中分配的比例减少，这将会是食物和生物质生产中节水增产的新机制。

更多的信息请查看密歇根州立大学网站：:

http://msutoday.msu.edu/news/2013/revolutionary technology aids thirsty crops during drought/

报告人简介：

Dr. Alvin J.M. Smucker is a Michigan State University Distinguished Faculty recipient in the Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences Department. Professor Smucker's research program emphasizes the study of plant root physiological and morphological responses to soil biophysical and biogeochemical soil components. His micro-tomographic exploration of soil aggregate pore geometries contributing to soil carbon sequestration has led to new discoveries of biogeochemical mechanisms controlling soil carbon sequestration.  In 2004, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Germany recognized Smucker’s leadership in soil carbon sequestration with the AvH Research Award. Michigan State University recognized the importance of his applied research and teaching by honoring him with a MSU Distinguished Faculty Award in 2005. The German AvH Research Award was repeated again in 2008. 

As world populations and competition for water increased, Professor Smucker’s priorities turned toward the development of novel subsurface water retention technologies (SWRT) that expand water and nutrient saving capacities within highly permeable soils. His developed mechanical processes for installing SWRT membranes into soil profiles at depths which conserve water, maximize water use efficiency and plant production. Commercialization of these SWRT membranes coupled with prescription management of water and nutrients are augmenting food production by marginal soils globally. Smucker’s educational experiences range from lecturing and laboratory training of undergraduate and graduate students, research associates and visiting scientists. His teaching and research interests have taken him to 62 countries for invited lectures, seminars, collaborative research projects and consulting services to multinational institutions and national universities. He delights in corresponding with literally hundreds of friends, scientific colleagues and families including visits among his three children’s families which include nine grandchildren. 

Alvin J.M. Smucker博士是密歇根州立大学植物、土壤和微生物科学系杰出的学者。Smucker教授的研究领域集中在植物根系对土壤生物物理和化学性质变化的生理和形态响应。他的有关土壤团粒空隙几何形状的微层析研究促进了土壤固碳学的发展，从而带来了关于土壤固碳的生物地理化学机制的一系列新发现。2004年和2008年，Smucker教授由于在土壤固碳领域的杰出贡献得到了德国Alexander von Humboldt基金会的AvH研究奖。在2005年，Smucker教授被授予MSU杰出学术奖。

由于世界人口和需水的增加，Smucker教授开始开展地下保水技术（SWRT）的研究，这一研究增加了高入渗性土壤的水肥的保蓄能力。他开发的机械化置膜流程提高了水分利用效率，增加了作物产量。SWRT技术的商业化和配套的水肥管理方法，正在改变全球范围内贫瘠土壤的粮食生产面貌

Smucker教授的教学经验涉及本科生和研究生的授课和实验训练，以及和访问学者的协同研究。Smucker教授在全球62个国家进行过受邀演讲、咨询服务等学术交流活动。Smucker教授为人和善，与全球的相关学者均保持着紧密联系。

欢迎参加！